Tax lamps Low Energy Efficiency
7 July 2008To offset the environmental costs arising from the use of low-energy light bulbs, the government introduced a fee through Decree-Law No. 108/2007 of 12 April (opens a new window).
According to the arrangement provided for in the Decree Law, are charged all the low-energy light bulbs traded or released into the national territory, except those for the export or intra dispatch.
The light bulbs with low energy efficiency are:
- Incandescent Lamp:
Lamp in the production of light and heat occurs when the electrical current through a coiled filament of tungsten, contained in a glass ampoule containing an inert gas. They have low efficiency light of not more than 15 Lm / W lamps in general use. Only 5% of the electricity consumed is transformed into light, the remaining 95% turned into heat. The average time of life is a thousand hours.
- Mercury-vapor lamps with high pressure in metal iodides:
Discharge lamps of high intensity, with appearance of white light blue and luminous efficiency up to 61 Lm / W, the power ranging from 50 W and 1000 W. They are normally used in the lighting of public roads and industrial areas.
- Tubular fluorescent lamps:
The fluorescent lamps emit light by the passage of electric current through a gas inside the tube. This gives almost the whole discharge, ultraviolet radiation which is invisible to the human eye and that in turn, is converted into light by the fluorescent powder that covers the inner surface of the tube.
- Halogen lamps:
The halogen lamps operate in a manner similar to incandescent lamps, but they have been enhanced with the introduction of halogen gas, which, within the bulb, combined with the detached particles of tungsten filament. This combination, plus the current temperature inside the lamp, causes the particles are deposited back in the filament, thus creating the cycle of regenerative halogen. The result is a lamp with additional advantages when compared to incandescent, including: more white light, bright and uniform throughout its lifetime, high efficiency, wide variety of forms, applications and the possibility of the issuance of guidance according to different light angles of opening, life between the two thousand and five thousand hours and smaller.
Lamps, high-energy alternatives:
- Integrated CFLs:
It is a miniaturized fluorescent lamp that is intended to replace ordinary incandescent lamps. For those, their duration varies on average eight times more and convert about 25% of the energy they consume into visible light.
Much less heat and have longer service life, between five thousand and fifteen thousand hours. Are an alternative for greater efficiency and economy in interior lighting, replacing the ordinary incandescent lamp.
- Sodium vapor lamp with high pressure:
Discharge lamps, high-intensity light with high efficiency to 150 lm / W, long life and, therefore, long intervals for replacement. In versions tubular and ellipsoid, these bulbs vary by the issue of golden yellow light, suitable for lighting of where the reproduction of color is not a factor. They are an alternative to mercury vapor lamp without metal iodides, enabling greater efficiency and economy in public lighting, but with lower quality of color reproduction.
The rate on the bulbs of low energy efficiency focuses on the following lamps:
- Incandescent lamps for general use, without halogen, in any form or type of finish (clear, flat and opalinas) with sockets E14, E27 and B22, power from 15 W and 200 W and operating voltage between 220 V and 240 V, although included in luminaires.
- Mercury-vapor lamps, high-pressure without iodides, usually used in urban and industrial lighting, with power between 50 W and 1000 W.
